The term toolbit generally refers to a non-rotary cutting tool used in metal lathes, shapers, and planers. Such cutters are also often referred to by the set-phrase name of single-point cutting tool. The cutting edge is ground to suit a particular machining operation and may be resharpened or reshaped as needed. The ground toolbit is held rigidly by a tool holder while it is cutting.
Materials
Originally, all tool bits were made of high carbon tool steels with the appropriate hardening and tempering. Since the introductions of high-speed steel
(HSS) (early years of the 20th century), sintered carbide (1930s), and
ceramic cutters, those materials have gradually replaced the earlier
kinds of tool steel in almost all cutting applications. Most tool bits today are either HSS or carbide.
Carbides and ceramics
Carbide,
ceramics (such as cubic boron nitride), and diamond, having higher
hardness than HSS, all allow faster material removal than HSS in most
cases. Because these materials are expensive and difficult to work
with, typically the body of the cutting tool
is made of steel, and a small cutting edge made of the harder material
is attached. The cutting edge is usually either screwed on (in this
case it is called an insert), or brazed on to a steel shank (this is usually only done for carbide).
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ool bit is held rigidly by a tool holder while it is cutting.
